Description

Ankylosing spondylitis, a form of arthritis, triggers inflammation in the spine's joints and ligaments, potentially extending to peripheral joints such as knees, ankles, and hips. Typically, these spinal joints and ligaments facilitate movement and flexibility. However, in ankylosing spondylitis, inflammation can induce stiffness. In severe instances, this inflammation may prompt the vertebrae to fuse together, resulting in a rigid and immobile spine. Although there's no cure, various treatments can manage symptoms effectively. These may encompass exercises, physical or occupational therapy to enhance mobility and posture, and medications to alleviate pain, reduce inflammation, improve posture, and slow disease progression. With appropriate treatment, individuals with ankylosing spondylitis can lead fulfilling lives.

Prevalence

US Cases:  170,000 [Bakland 2005] to 800,000 [Park 2018]

Typical Age of onset

Median age at diagnosis: 23
Rarely diagnosed after age 40

Symptoms

• Pain and stiffness in the lower back, buttocks, and hips for more than three months

• Often starts where the spine joins the pelvis in the lower back (sacroiliac joints)

• May become difficult to expand the chest when taking a deep breath

• Pain in ligaments and tendons

• Pain and stiffness in the area behind or beneath the heel

• Fever

• Fatigue

• Loss of appetite

• Eye inflammation

Sources:  Mayo Clinic

Resources

Link to Clinical Trials

Link to Scientific Publications

References

Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD)
Mayo Clinic
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
NIH

March 2024 Update by Lauren Young